Study Details
Study Title: Toolbox of Countermeasures and Their Potential Effectiveness to Make Intersections Safer
Authors: ITE
Publication Date: 2004
Abstract:
Study Citation: Institute of Transportation Engineers, "Toolbox of Countermeasures and Their Potential Effectiveness to Make Intersections Safer." Briefing Sheet 8, ITE, FHWA, (2004)
CMFs Associated With This Study
Category: Access management
Countermeasure: Install raised median
CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
---|
0.75 | 25 | text text | All | All | Not specified | |
Countermeasure: Install raised median (unsignalized intersection)
CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
---|
0.31 | 69 | text text | Vehicle/pedestrian | All | Not specified | |
Category:Delineation
Countermeasure: Install raised pavement markers
CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
---|
0.67 | 33 | text text | Nighttime,Wet road | All | Not specified | |
Countermeasure: Mark pavement with supplementary warning messages
CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
---|
0.7 | 30 | text text | Angle | All | Not specified | |
Category:Highway lighting
Countermeasure: Install lighting
CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
---|
0.53 | 47 | text text | All | All | Not specified | |
Category:Intersection geometry
Countermeasure: Convert four-leg intersection into two three-leg intersections
CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
---|
0.43 | 57 | text text | All | All | Not specified | |
Countermeasure: Install left-turn lane
CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
---|
0.67 | 33 | text text | All | All | Not specified | |
Countermeasure: Install left-turn lane (physical channelization)
CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
---|
0.73 | 27 | text text | All | All | Not specified | Urban |
Countermeasure: Install left-turn lane (signal has left-turn phase)
CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
---|
0.69 | 31 | text text | All | All | Not specified | |
Countermeasure: Install left-turn lane (signal has no turn phase)
CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
---|
0.5 | 50 | text text | Angle | All | Not specified | |
Countermeasure: Install left-turn lane (within existing curbs)
CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
---|
0.34 | 66 | text text | Angle | All | Not specified | |
Countermeasure: Install left-turn lane and add turn phase
CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
---|
0.42 | 58 | text text | All | All | Not specified | |
Countermeasure: Install refuge islands
CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
---|
0.44 | 56 | text text | Vehicle/pedestrian | All | Not specified | |
Countermeasure: Install right-turn lane
CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
---|
0.86 | 14 | text text | All | All | Not specified | Rural |
Category:Intersection traffic control
Countermeasure: Add centerline and move STOP bar to extended curb lines
CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
---|
0.71 | 29 | text text | All | All | Not specified | |
Countermeasure: Add centerline and move STOP bar to extended curb lines, double stop signs
CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
---|
0.91 | 9 | text text | All | All | Not specified | |
Countermeasure: Add centerline and STOP bar, replace 24-inch with 30-inch stop signs
CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
---|
0.33 | 67 | text text | Angle | All | Not specified | |
Countermeasure: Add exclusive pedestrian phasing
CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
---|
0.66 | 34 | text text | Vehicle/pedestrian | All | Not specified | |
Countermeasure: Add signal (additional primary head)
CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
---|
0.58 | 42 | text text | Angle | All | Not specified | |
Countermeasure: Convert minor-road stop control to all-way stop control
CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
---|
0.36 | 64 | text text | All | All | Not specified | |
Countermeasure: Convert signal from pedestal-mounted to mast arm
CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
---|
0.64 | 36 | text text | All | All | Not specified | |
Countermeasure: Convert Yield control to STOP control
CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
---|
0.71 | 29 | text text | All | All | Not specified | |
Countermeasure: Improve visibility of signal heads (install two red displays in each head)
CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
---|
0.64 | 36 | text text | Angle | All | Not specified | |
Countermeasure: Install beacon (flashing) at intersection
CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
---|
0.66 | 34 | text text | All | All | Not specified | |
Countermeasure: Install double stop signs
CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
---|
0.89 | 11 | text text | All | All | Not specified | |
Countermeasure: Install flashing beacons as advance warning
CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
---|
0.73 | 27 | text text | All | All | Not specified | |
Countermeasure: Install larger signal lenses (12 inch)
CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
---|
0.52 | 48 | text text | Angle | All | Not specified | |
Countermeasure: Install signal backplates only
CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
---|
0.5 | 50 | text text | Angle | All | Not specified | |
Countermeasure: Install STOP bars (pedestrian crosswalk)
CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
---|
0.82 | 18 | text text | All | All | Not specified | |
Countermeasure: Install STOP bars (STOP bar on minor road approaches, with short segments of centerline)
CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
---|
0.81 | 19 | text text | All | All | Not specified | |
Countermeasure: Modify signal phasing (implement a leading pedestrian interval)
CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
---|
0.95 | 5 | text text | Vehicle/pedestrian | All | Not specified | |
Countermeasure: Prohibit right-turn-on-red
CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
---|
0.77 | 23 | text text | All | All | Not specified | |
Countermeasure: Provide protected left-turn phase
CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
---|
0.95 | 5 | text text | Vehicle/pedestrian | All | Not specified | |
Countermeasure: Provide signal coordination
CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
---|
0.68 | 32 | text text | Angle | All | Not specified | |
Countermeasure: Provide split phases
CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
---|
0.75 | 25 | text text | All | All | Not specified | |
Countermeasure: Remove unwarranted signals
CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
---|
0.48 | 52 | text text | All | All | Not specified | |
Countermeasure: Replace Night-Time Flash with Steady Operation
CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
---|
0.2 | 80 | text text | Angle | All | Not specified | |
Countermeasure: Replace signal lenses with optical lenses
CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
---|
0.83 | 17 | text text | All | All | Not specified | |
Category:On-street parking
Countermeasure: Restrict parking near intersections (to off-street)
CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
---|
0.51 | 49 | text text | All | All | Not specified | |
Category:Pedestrians
Countermeasure: Install angled median crosswalk
CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
---|
0.88 | 12 | text text | All | All | Not specified | |
Countermeasure: Install pedestrian crossing (signed and marked with curb ramps and extensions)
CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
---|
0.63 | 37 | text text | All | All | Not specified | |
Countermeasure: Install pedestrian overpass/underpass
CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
---|
0.87 | 13 | text text | Vehicle/pedestrian | All | Not specified | |
Countermeasure: Install pedestrian overpass/underpass (unsignalized intersection)
CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
---|
0.87 | 13 | text text | Vehicle/pedestrian | All | Not specified | |
Countermeasure: Install raised pedestrian crosswalks
CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
---|
0.92 | 8 | text text | Vehicle/pedestrian | All | Not specified | |
Category:Roadway
Countermeasure: Improve pavement friction (groove)
CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
---|
0.75 | 25 | text text | All | All | Not specified | |
Countermeasure: Resurface pavement
CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
---|
0.53 | 47 | text text | Wet road | All | Not specified | |
Category:Signs
Countermeasure: Install advance warning signs (positive guidance)
CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
---|
0.78 | 22 | text text | All | All | Not specified | |
Category:Speed management
Countermeasure: Increase enforcement to reduce speed
CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
---|
0.3 | 70 | text text | Vehicle/pedestrian | All | Not specified | |
Countermeasure: Install transverse rumble strips on approaches
CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
---|
0.77 | 23 | text text | All | All | Not specified | |
Category:Transit
Countermeasure: Install far-side bus stops
CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
---|
0.99 | 1 | text text | Vehicle/pedestrian | All | Not specified | |
Countermeasure: Install far-side bus stops (signalized intersection)
CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
---|
0.99 | 1 | text text | Vehicle/pedestrian | All | Not specified | |